Erythromelalgia is a very specific, thrombotic syndrome related with thrombocythemia that may occur during the course of chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), especially polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). This poorly understood clinical syndrome is characterized by red, congested distal extremities and painful burning sensations, usually confined to the ball of the foot and one or more toes or fingers. If left untreated, it may progress towards acrocyanosis and even peripheral gangrene. Sometimes, it may precede the diagnosis of MPD by months or years. The pathophysiological aspects of erythromelalgia as well as its differentiation with erythermalgia have been reviewed in this study.

Keywords: Chronic myeloproliferative disorders, Erythromelalgia