05 November 2014 : Original article
Azathioprine is More Effective than Mesalazine at Preventing Recurrent Bowel Obstruction in Patients with Ileocecal Crohn’s Disease
Fernando Mendonça VidigalABDEF, Gláucio Silva de SouzaABDE, Liliana Andrade ChebliADF, Tarsila Campanha da Rocha RibeiroBEF, Maria Cristina Vasconcellos FurtadoBEF, Antonio Carlos Santana CastroBDE, André Luis Tavares PintoBDEF, Bruno do Valle PinheiroADE, Fabio Heleno de Lima PaceABE, Juliano Machado de OliveiraBEF, Karine Andrade de Oliveira ZaniniBF, Pedro Duarte GaburriABD, Alexandre ZaniniCDE, Luiz Cláudio RibeiroCDE, Julio Maria Fonseca ChebliABDEGDOI: 10.12659/MSM.890975
Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2165-2170
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients with subocclusive Crohn’s disease (CD) who received azathioprine (AZA) therapy had lower re-hospitalization rates due to all causes and for surgical management of CD compared to those treated with mesalazine during a 3-year period. We investigated whether AZA also was effective for prevention of recurrent bowel obstruction.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rates of recurrent bowel occlusion were compared between patients treated with AZA and those treated with mesalazine. We assessed the time interval-off intestinal obstruction as well as the occlusion-free survival for both groups.
RESULTS: There was a significantly lower cumulative rate of patients with recurrent subocclusion in the AZA group (56%) compared with the mesalazine group (79%; OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.67–8.6; P=0.003), with the number needed to treat in order to prevent 1 subocclusion episode of 3.7 favoring AZA. The occlusion-free time interval was longer in the AZA group compared with the mesalazine group (28.8 vs. 18.3 months; P=0.000). The occlusion-free survival at 12, 24, and 36 months was significantly higher in the AZA group (91%, 81%, and 72%, respectively) than in the mesalazine group (64.7%, 35.3%, and 23.5%, respectively; P<0.05 for all comparisons).
CONCLUSIONS: In an exploratory analysis of patients with subocclusive ileocecal CD, maintenance therapy with AZA is more effective than mesalazine for eliminating or postponing recurrent intestinal obstruction during 3 years of therapy
Keywords: Azathioprine - therapeutic use, Crohn Disease - prevention & control, Demography, Ileocecal Valve - radiation effects, Intestinal Obstruction - prevention & control, Mesalamine - therapeutic use, Recurrence, Smoking - adverse effects, young adult
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