05 January 2023 : Review article
Biomarkers of Activity-Dependent Plasticity and Persistent Enhancement of Synaptic Transmission in Alzheimer Disease: A Review of the Current Status
Marcin Warpechowski1ADEF, Jędrzej Warpechowski2AEF*, Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik3AEF, Barbara Mroczko
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938826
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e938826
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic and heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex pathological processes involving neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and synaptic dysfunction. Understanding the exact neurobiological mechanisms underlying AD pathology may help to provide a biomarker for early diagnosis or at least for assessment of vulnerability to dementia development. Neural plasticity is defined as a capability of the brain to respond to alterations including aging, injury, or learning, with a crucial role of synaptic elements. Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are important in regulating synaptic connections between neural cells in functional plasticity. Synaptic loss and impairment of the brain’s plasticity in AD leads to cognitive impairment, and one of important roles of synaptic biomarkers is monitoring synaptic dysfunction, response to treatment, and predicting future development of AD. Synaptic biomarkers are undoubtedly very promising in developing novel approach to AD treatment and control, especially in the era of aging of societies, which is one of the most common risk factor of AD. Implementing a widespread measurement of synaptic biomarkers of AD will probably be crucial in early diagnosis of AD, early therapeutic intervention, monitoring progression of the disease, or response to treatment. One of the most important challenges is finding a biomarker whose blood concentration correlates with its level in the central nervous system (CNS). This review aims to present the current status of biomarkers of activity-dependent plasticity and persistent enhancement of synaptic transmission in Alzheimer disease.
Keywords: Alzheimer Disease, cognitive dysfunction, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Editorial
01 March 2023 : Editorial
Editorial: Global Surveillance of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Poultry, Wild Birds, and Mammals to Prevent a Human Influenza PandemicDOI: 10.12659/MSM.939968
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939968
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
03 March 2023 : Database Analysis
Reinfections from SARS-CoV-2: A Retrospective Study from the Gyncentrum Genetic Laboratory in Sosnowiec, Po...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939452
09 February 2023 : Clinical Research
Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in 729 Medical Students in Indonesia During ...Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e938892
19 January 2023 : Clinical Research
Determining the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Care in the Serbian Adult Population: An Online Q...Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939238
27 December 2022 : Clinical Research
Effect of Physiotherapy to Correct Rounded Shoulder Posture in 30 Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic in ...Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e938926
In Press
20 Mar 2023 : Clinical Research
Management of Unstable C1 Fractures Involving the Lateral Mass: Posterior C1-C2 Screw-Rod Fixation and FusionMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938600
17 Mar 2023 : Clinical Research
Relationship Between Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Axial Length in ChildrenMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939451
15 Mar 2023 : Clinical Research
Relationship Between Psychological Symptoms and Self-Esteem Levels Before and After Stomach Botox TreatmentMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939618
15 Mar 2023 : Clinical Research
Short-Term Patient Outcomes Using the Interlaminar Endoscopic Surgical System Ilessys® Delta System versus ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938477
Most Viewed Current Articles
13 Nov 2021 : Clinical Research
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Associated Factors Among Cancer Patients Attending the Oncology ...DOI :10.12659/MSM.932788
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932788
30 Dec 2021 : Clinical Research
Retrospective Study of Outcomes and Hospitalization Rates of Patients in Italy with a Confirmed Diagnosis o...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935379
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935379
08 Mar 2022 : Review article
A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Man...DOI :10.12659/MSM.936292
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936292
01 Jan 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Oral Antiviral Drug Treatments for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Hospitalized Pa...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935952
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935952