Logo Medical Science Monitor

Call: +1.631.470.9640
Mon - Fri 10:00 am - 02:00 pm EST

Contact Us

Logo Medical Science Monitor Logo Medical Science Monitor Logo Medical Science Monitor

02 October 2003

Indolyl-3-acryloylglycine (IAG) is a putative diagnostic urinary marker for autism spectrum disorders

Gillian Bull, Paul Shattock, Paul Whiteley, Roz Anderson, Paul W. Groundwater, John W. Lough, George Lees

Med Sci Monit 2003; 9(10): CR422-425 :: ID: 13252

Abstract

Background:Autism is a heterogeneous pervasive developmental disorder with a poorly defined aetiology and pathophysiology. There are indications that the incidence of the disease is rising but still no definitive diagnostic biochemical markers have been isolated. Here we have addressed the hypothesis that urinary levels of trans -indolyl-3-acryloylglycine (IAG) are abnormal in patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) compared to age-matched controls.Material/Methods:Urine samples were collected on an opportunistic basis and analysed for IAG concentration (normalised against creatinine content to account for changes in urinary volume) using reversed phase HPLC with UV detection.Results:Statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney tests) showed highly significant increases (p=0.0002) in the levels of urinary IAG in the ASD group (median 942 mcV per mmol/L of creatinine [interquartile range 521–1729], n=22) compared to asymptomatic controls (331 [163–456], n=18). Detailed retrospective analysis showed that gender (boys 625 mcV per mmol/L of creatinine [294–1133], n=29; girls 460 [282–1193], n=11: P=0.79) and age (control donor median 10 years [8–14], n=15; ASD median 9 years [7–11] n=22: P=0.54) were not significantly correlated with IAG levels in this non-blinded volunteer study.Conclusions:Our results strongly suggest that urinary titres of IAG may constitute an objective diagnostic indicator for ASD. Mechanisms for the involvement of IAG in ASD are discussed together with future strategies to address its specificity.

Keywords: Adolescent, Autistic Disorder - diagnosis, Autistic Disorder - genetics, Autistic Disorder - urine, Biological Assay, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cohort Studies, Creatine - urine, Creatinine - urine, Developmental Disabilities - genetics, Glycine - analogs & derivatives, Glycine - urine, Sensitivity and Specificity, Ultraviolet Rays

Add Comment 0 Comments

814 13

Editorial

01 November 2023 : Editorial  

Editorial: Factors Driving New Variants of SARS-CoV-2, Immune Escape, and Resistance to Antiviral Treatments as the End of the COVID-19 Pandemic is Declared

Dinah V. Parums
Science Editor, Medical Science Monitor, International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville,

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942960

Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e942960

0:00

In Press

28 Nov 2023 : Clinical Research  

Impact of Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography on Therapeutic Decisions and ...

Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942122  

28 Nov 2023 : Clinical Research  

Long-Term Outcomes of Decompression and Grafting in Acute Pathological Proximal Femur Fractures in Children...

Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943031  

27 Nov 2023 : Clinical Research  

Comparison of Outcomes from Emergency Admissions to a Major Trauma Center in Turkey of 1646 Elderly Patient...

Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942916  

27 Nov 2023 : Clinical Research  

Evaluating Modified Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Enhanced Postoperative Recovery in ...

Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942757  

Most Viewed Current Articles

13 Nov 2021 : Clinical Research  

Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Associated Factors Among Cancer Patients Attending the Oncology ...

DOI :10.12659/MSM.932788

Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932788

0:00

30 Dec 2021 : Clinical Research  

Retrospective Study of Outcomes and Hospitalization Rates of Patients in Italy with a Confirmed Diagnosis o...

DOI :10.12659/MSM.935379

Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935379

0:00

14 Dec 2022 : Clinical Research  

Prevalence and Variability of Allergen-Specific Immunoglobulin E in Patients with Elevated Tryptase Levels

DOI :10.12659/MSM.937990

Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937990

0:00

08 Mar 2022 : Review article  

A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Man...

DOI :10.12659/MSM.936292

Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936292

0:00

Your Privacy

We use cookies to ensure the functionality of our website, to personalize content and advertising, to provide social media features, and to analyze our traffic. If you allow us to do so, we also inform our social media, advertising and analysis partners about your use of our website, You can decise for yourself which categories you you want to deny or allow. Please note that based on your settings not all functionalities of the site are available. View our privacy policy.

Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750