07 August 2002
Three-dimensional structure and molecular mechanism of novel enzymes of spore-forming bacteria
Mark J. JedrzejasMed Sci Monit 2002; 8(8): RA183-190 :: ID: 13610
Abstract
Summary
Bacillus and Clostridium species are spore-forming bacilli that cause serious diseases in livestock and in humans. An important pathogen in this group of organisms is Bacillus anthracis is which is the causative agent of anthrax. The biochemical properties, structure, function, and mechanism of catalysis of the novel spore germination protease (GPR) that degrades small, acid soluble proteins (SASP) protecting spore’s DNA against damage and a novel, cofactor independent
phosphoglycerate mutase (iPGM) are described. A coat created from SASP synthesized during sporulation protects DNA in spores and later in the germination this protective coat is removal by a novel GPR protease. GPR does not resemble in its structure any other known
protein and functionally likely belongs to a novel class of proteases utilizing glutamic acid residue in its catalysis in order to degrade SASP. This process provides amino acids necessary for synthesis of other proteins or enzymes necessary in vegetative state. In addition during the spore creation process energy is stored in the form of 3-phosphoglycerate by downregulating a novel, diphosphoglycerate independent iPGM. These depots of energy are utilized later by
the germinating spore in addition to the above source of amino acids. The two above enzymes are inherently involved in the processes of sporulation, spore germination and outgrowth. A combination of structural investigations and site-directed mutagenesis studies that were used to characterize the functional properties and the active sites of these novel proteins will be discussed. The understanding of functional properties of these enzymes contributes to a better
understanding of spore-forming organisms.
Keywords: Bacillus - enzymology, Bacillus - physiology, Bacterial Proteins - metabolism, Binding Sites, Clostridium - enzymology, DNA, Bacterial - metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism, Endopeptidases - chemistry, Endopeptidases - metabolism, Models, Molecular, Phosphoglycerate Mutase - chemistry, Phosphoglycerate Mutase - metabolism, Protein Conformation, Spores, Bacterial - enzymology
Editorial
01 November 2024 : Editorial
Editorial: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Image Analysis, and the Future of Cancer Diagnosis and PrognosisDOI: 10.12659/MSM.947038
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e947038
In Press
Database Analysis
Impact of Tigecycline on Coagulation in Severe Infections and Effect of Vitamin K1 Intervention: A Retrospe...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944778
Animal Research
Impact of Fresh Khat Extract on Proinflammatory Cytokines and Hepatic and Renal ResponsesMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.946108
Review article
Epigenetic and Immune Mechanisms Linking Breastfeeding to Lower Breast Cancer RatesMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.945451
Clinical Research
Comprehensive Analysis of Immune Infiltration and Key Genes in Peri-Implantitis Using Bioinformatics and Mo...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.941870
Most Viewed Current Articles
17 Jan 2024 : Review article 6,085,453
Vaccination Guidelines for Pregnant Women: Addressing COVID-19 and the Omicron VariantDOI :10.12659/MSM.942799
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942799
14 Dec 2022 : Clinical Research 1,907,170
Prevalence and Variability of Allergen-Specific Immunoglobulin E in Patients with Elevated Tryptase LevelsDOI :10.12659/MSM.937990
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937990
16 May 2023 : Clinical Research 695,059
Electrophysiological Testing for an Auditory Processing Disorder and Reading Performance in 54 School Stude...DOI :10.12659/MSM.940387
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940387
07 Jan 2022 : Meta-Analysis 259,783
Efficacy and Safety of Light Therapy as a Home Treatment for Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson Dise...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935074
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935074