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01 March 2005 : Original article  

Insulin resistance and other metabolic aspects of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Igor Alexander Harsch, Eckhart Georg Hahn, Peter Christopher Konturek

Med Sci Monit 2005; 11(3): RA70-75 :: ID: 15399

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is usually associated with conditions known to increase insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk, such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Thus, investigating
whether obstructive sleep apnea itself is an independent risk factor for increased insulin resistance and whether continuous positive airway pressure treatment (CPAP) might improve insulin sensitivity brings up considerable methodological problems. Even if insulin sensitivity improves, it is hard to distinguish between an effect of CPAP treatment, e.g. in the reduction of nocturnal sympathetic activity caused by the sleep disturbance, and concomitant factors, such as weight loss. Two recent investigations were able to prove that OSAS is an independent risk factor for insulin resistance: one study in a statistical approach, the other by demonstrating a signifi cant improvement of insulin sensitivity already two days after onset of CPAP therapy, thus clearly ruling out such confounding factors as changes in lifestyle or weight loss. However, it is still not clear if this improvement in insulin sensitivity is accompanied by an improvement in the usually elevated cardiovascular risk of patients with OSAS. Since a decrease in elevated markers of subclinical infl ammation – nowadays regarded as the main culprit of cardiovascular complications and atherosclerosis – such as Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein has been reported during CPAP therapy, and since an improvement in left ventricular function and a decrease in blood pressure were also reported under CPAP treatment, there are several good reasons to assume an improvement in metabolical function in OSAS patients due to CPAP treatment.

Keywords: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - metabolism, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, Insulin Resistance, Leptin - blood, Models, Biological, Obesity - complications, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - therapy

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Editorial

01 November 2023 : Editorial  

Editorial: Factors Driving New Variants of SARS-CoV-2, Immune Escape, and Resistance to Antiviral Treatments as the End of the COVID-19 Pandemic is Declared

Dinah V. Parums
Science Editor, Medical Science Monitor, International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville,

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942960

Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e942960

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750