Abstract

The study aimed at presenting distant sequelae of congenital toxoplasmosis in 15 children and in 5 adults who were not treated in the course of the first year of life. The retrospective analysis as well as a set of supplementary studies (neurologic, ophthalmologic studies, computerised tomography of the head (CT), serological examination using ELISA test (Vidas, bio Merieux)) were performed to demonstrate IgM and IgG antibodies against T. gondii antigen. Type of neurological disturbances varied and ranged between 5.0% do 50.0% of cases. CT lesions included widening of lateral ventricles (30.0%), their asymmetry (35.0%), intracranial calcifications (65.0%) located mainly in lateral ventricles and in both hemispheres (35.0%). Lesions in the organs of sight included mainly amblyopia due to diffuse chorioretinal scars (70.0%), located mainly within retinal macula (50.0%). In all the patients, IgG antibodies were present (ELISA, DA), but in children they reached high titres and in two of them they were accompanied by IgM antibodies because of reactivation of the pathological process. The complex studies performed in the observed 20 patients proved that clinical pathology in the form of CNS lesions (85.0%) and lesions in the organs of sight (80.0%) represent late sequelae of congenital toxoplasmosis in patients who remained undiagnosed and were not treated in the first year of life.

Keywords: ocular and CNS pathology, late sequelae, Congenital toxoplasmosis