29 May 2009
Two types of unsafe drinker judged to have metabolic syndrome: typical metabolic syndrome or alcohol-related syndrome?
Hirokazu YokoyamaABCDEFG, Hiroshi HiroseBDEF, Ikuo SaitoDEFGMed Sci Monit 2009; 15(6): PH57-64 :: ID: 869662
Abstract
Background
Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia often occur in drinkers regardless of obesity. Thus, the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome (MS) may judge some drinkers as having MS even when typical MS is absent.
Material and Method
To verify this, 1,346 Japanese men aged 40 to 65 were divided into four groups based on their statuses of MS and drinking habits, and various parameters were compared among them. According to the suggestion of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, daily ethanol consumption up to 20 grams was defined as safe drinking.
Results
The serum adiponectin level was significantly higher in unsafe drinkers with MS than in those without it, whereas drinking habits were shown not to affect it. Among subjects judged to have MS, the ALT/AST ratio (ALT/AST) was the most effective parameter to distinguish between safe and unsafe drinkers. When unsafe drinkers with MS were classified into two subgroups by ALT/AST, i.e. that of > or =0.9 or <0.9, levels of ALT and adiponectin significantly differed between them and levels in the former and the latter subgroups were comparable to those in safe drinkers with MS and in unsafe drinkers without MS, respectively. Although the prevalence of MS was higher in unsafe drinkers than in safe drinkers, it became equivalent to each other when the latter subgroup was eliminated.
Conclusions
In drinkers who satisfy the diagnostic criteria of MS, subjects whose characteristics are different from those of typical MS, but comparable to those of alcohol-related syndrome, co-exist. This over-diagnosis is most likely due to ethanol consumption.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome X - pathology, Aspartate Aminotransferases - metabolism, Alcohol Drinking - pathology, Alanine Transaminase - metabolism, Adiponectin - metabolism, Safety
803 2
Editorial
01 December 2023 : Editorial
Editorial: Outbreaks of Post-Pandemic Childhood Pneumonia and the Re-Emergence of Endemic Respiratory InfectionsDOI: 10.12659/MSM.943312
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e943312
In Press
04 Dec 2023 : Animal Research
Effects of Intrathecal Ketamine on Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Mech...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI:
01 Dec 2023 : Clinical Research
Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Infection in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Retrospective St...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI:
30 Nov 2023 : Review article
Decoding the Neurological Sequelae of General Anesthesia: A ReviewMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI:
30 Nov 2023 : Clinical Research
Enhanced Pain Relief and Muscle Growth in Individuals with Low Back Instability: The Impact of Blood Flow R...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI:
Most Viewed Current Articles
13 Nov 2021 : Clinical Research
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Associated Factors Among Cancer Patients Attending the Oncology ...DOI :10.12659/MSM.932788
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932788
30 Dec 2021 : Clinical Research
Retrospective Study of Outcomes and Hospitalization Rates of Patients in Italy with a Confirmed Diagnosis o...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935379
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935379
14 Dec 2022 : Clinical Research
Prevalence and Variability of Allergen-Specific Immunoglobulin E in Patients with Elevated Tryptase LevelsDOI :10.12659/MSM.937990
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937990
08 Mar 2022 : Review article
A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Man...DOI :10.12659/MSM.936292
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936292