Background
Problematic bacteria in the community include enterobacteria which produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. As yet there is no description of the prevalence of these bacteria in persons in the community in the Czech Republic. Therefore the main goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL-positive enterobacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of subjects in the community in the Czech Republic.
Material and Method
Rectal swabs from the investigated subjects were inoculated onto chromID ESBL selective medium and enterobacteria were identified by the Vitek2 automated system. ESBL were detected using a modified DDST test. The results were confirmed by PCR and direct sequencing of CTX-M-positive amplicons.
Results
A total of 579 rectal swabs from subjects in the community were analyzed and ESBL production was both phenotypically and genotypically confirmed in 7 isolates. Thus the prevalence of ESBL-positive bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of the persons in the community was 1.2%. All the cases were Escherichia coli strains producing the CTX-M-type ESBL. CTX-M-15 was the most prevalent type in this group of isolates.
Conclusions
The presented results are in accord with other authors' studies and suggest that the epidemiologic profile of ESBL-positive enterobacteria in the Czech Republic is comparable to that in other European countries.

Keywords: Residence Characteristics, beta-Lactamases - metabolism, Prevalence, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Enterobacteriaceae - isolation & purification, Czech Republic, Bacterial Typing Techniques