21 December 2009
Arterial baroreceptors in the management of systemic hypertension
Panagiotis Kougias, Sarah M Weakley, Qizhi Yao, Peter H Lin, Changyi ChenMed Sci Monit 2010; 16(1): RA1-8 :: ID: 878303
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease associated with significant morbidity. Increased sympathetic nervous system activity has been noted as an important etiologic factor and is, in part, regulated by afferent input arising from arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreceptors, activation of which causes inhibition of sympathetic output. It was thought for many years that baroreceptors control only short-term blood pressure changes, a conclusion stemming from observations in sinoaortic denervation (SAD) animal models and the phenomenon of rapid baroreceptor resetting, also seen in animal models. Newer observations, however, indicate that SAD is rather imperfect and resetting is rarely complete. Recent studies reveal that baroreceptors control sympathetic output on a more long-term basis and participate in fluid volume regulation by the kidney, and thus have the potential to adjust blood pressure chronically. Importantly, these findings are consistent with studies and observations in humans. Meanwhile, a model of electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus has been developed and successfully tested in animals. Following these encouraging results human trials to evaluate the clinical application of electrical carotid sinus manipulation in the treatment of systemic hypertension have commenced, and results so far indicate that this represents an exciting potential tool in the clinician's armament against chronic arterial hypertension.
Keywords: Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology, Models, Biological, Pressoreceptors - physiopathology, Hypertension - therapy, Electric Stimulation, Carotid Sinus - physiology, Blood Pressure - physiology, Water-Electrolyte Balance - physiology
Editorial
01 February 2023 : Editorial
Editorial: The XBB.1.5 (‘Kraken’) Subvariant of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 and its Rapid Global SpreadDOI: 10.12659/MSM.939580
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939580
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
19 January 2023 : Clinical Research
Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in 729 Medical Students in Indonesia During ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938892
19 January 2023 : Clinical Research
Determining the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Care in the Serbian Adult Population: An Online Q...Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939238
27 December 2022 : Clinical Research
Effect of Physiotherapy to Correct Rounded Shoulder Posture in 30 Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic in ...Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e938926
10 December 2022 : Clinical Research
Retrospective Study to Identify Risk Factors for Severe Disease and Mortality Using the Modified Early Warn...Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e938647
In Press
01 Feb 2023 : Clinical Research
Comparison of 3 Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay Methods to Evaluate Serum Concentrations of Infliximab and Antibo...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939084
31 Jan 2023 : Clinical Research
Balloon Dilation Eustachian Tuboplasty Combined with Tympanotomy Tube Insertion for Treatment of Refractory...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938879
31 Jan 2023 : Clinical Research
Comparison of Vision Correction and Corneal Thickness at 180-Day Follow-Up After Femtosecond Laser-Assisted...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939099
30 Jan 2023 : Clinical Research
Splenic Artery Steal Syndrome in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Clinical StudyMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938998
Most Viewed Current Articles
13 Nov 2021 : Clinical Research
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Associated Factors Among Cancer Patients Attending the Oncology ...DOI :10.12659/MSM.932788
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932788
30 Dec 2021 : Clinical Research
Retrospective Study of Outcomes and Hospitalization Rates of Patients in Italy with a Confirmed Diagnosis o...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935379
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935379
08 Mar 2022 : Review article
A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Man...DOI :10.12659/MSM.936292
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936292
01 Jan 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Oral Antiviral Drug Treatments for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Hospitalized Pa...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935952
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935952