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02 December 2014 : Original article  

Human Cytomegalovirus Infection is Associated with Essential Hypertension in Kazakh and Han Chinese Populations

Na TangBCDE, Jia-wei LiBCE, Yong-min LiuBC, Hua ZhongBC, La-mei WangBC, Feng-mei DengBD, Yuan-yuan QuBD, Jing HuiBD, Jiang ChengBE, Bin TangBF, Gang HuangBF, Shu-xia GuoCD, Xin-zhi LiBF, Li-li WeiBF, Fang HeAEG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.892861

Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2508-2519

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We aimed to study the association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and hypertension in Kazakh and Han populations from Xinjiang Province, China.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed data on 800 Kazakhs (467 hypertension patients and 333 healthy control participants) and 800 Hans (482 hypertension patients and 318 healthy control participants) aged 18–84 years old. ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were applied for determining CMV infection and glycoprotein B (gB) genotypes, respectively.

RESULTS: Serologic evidence of CMV infection was obtained for 95.4% and 90.1% of the Kazakhs and Hans, respectively. The CMV seroprevalence rates among the Kazakh and Han participants with hypertension were 96.8% and 89.8%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed statistically significant independent associations between CMV seropositivity and hypertension in Kazakh males and between CMV antibody titers and hypertension in Hans; significant relationships also existed between CMV antibody titers and blood pressure in Hans. In Kazakhs, 3 CMV gB genotypes were identified: gB2 and genotype mixtures gB1+gB2 and gB2+gB3. In Hans, 4 CMV gB genotypes were identified: gB1, gB2, gB1+gB2, and gB2+gB3. Of the 4 studied genotypes, gB2+gB3 showed a significant independent association with hypertension in Kazakh females.

CONCLUSIONS: CMV infection is associated with essential hypertension in Kazakh males and Hans in Xinjiang. CMV seropositivity is associated with hypertension in Kazakh males, and CMV antibody titers are associated with blood pressure and hypertension in Han males and females. Moreover, the CMV gB2+gB3 genotype mixture is associated independently with essential hypertension in Kazakh females.

Keywords: Adolescent, Aged, 80 and over, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Confidence Intervals, Cytomegalovirus - physiology, Cytomegalovirus Infections - virology, Ethnic Groups, Hypertension - virology, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, Seroepidemiologic Studies, young adult

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750