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15 May 2018 : Laboratory Research  

Study on the Mechanism of Cell Cycle Checkpoint Kinase 2 (CHEK2) Gene Dysfunction in Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Li Luo12ABCDEFG, Wei Gao3ABCDEFG, Jinghui Wang1BCDE, Dingxue Wang1BCD, Xiaobo Peng4CD, Zhaoyang Jia5CD, Ye Jiang2DE, Gongzhuo Li2EF, Dongxin Tang6ABCDEFG*, Yajie Wang4ABCDEFG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.907256

Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: LBR3176-3183

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of CHEK2 gene dysfunction in drug resistance of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: To perform our study, a stable CHEK2 wild type (CHEK2 WT) or CHEK2 Y390C mutation (CHEK2 Y390C) expressed MDA-MB-231 cell line was established. MTT assay, cell apoptosis assay and cell cycle assay were carried out to analyze the cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle respectively. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were applied for related protein and gene expression detection.

RESULTS: We found that the IC50 value of DDP (Cisplatin) to CHEK2 Y390C expressed MDA-MB-231 cells was significantly higher than that of the CHEK2 WT expressed cells and the control cells. After treatment with DDP for 48 h, cells expressing CHEK2 WT showed lower cell viability than that of the CHEK2 Y390C expressed cells and the control cells; compared with the CHEK2 Y390C expressed cells and the control cells, cells expressing CHEK2 WT showed significant G1/S arrest. Meanwhile, we found that compared with the CHEK2 Y390C expressed cells and the control cells, cell apoptosis was significantly increased in CHEK2 WT expressed cells. Moreover, our results suggested that cells expressing CHEK2 WT showed higher level of p-CDC25A, p-p53, p21, Bax, PUMA, and Noxa than that of the CHEK2 Y390C expressed cells and the control cells.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that CHEK2 Y390C mutation induced the drug resistance of TNBC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs through administrating cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via regulating p53 activation and CHEK2-p53 apoptosis pathway.

Keywords: Checkpoint Kinase 2, Drug Resistance, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750