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High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) and Autophagy in Acute Lung Injury (ALI): A Review
Lihua Qu1ABCDEFG, Chao Chen2ABCDEFG, YangYe Chen1ABCDEFG, Yi Li1ABCDEFG, Fang Tang3ABCDEFG, Hao Huang4ABCDEFG, Wei He5ABCDEFG, Ran Zhang6ABCDEFG, Li Shen1ABCDEFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.912867
Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1828-1837
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome in critically ill patients. The identification of novel biological markers for the early diagnosis of ALI and the development of more effective treatments are topics of current research. High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) is a late inflammatory mediator associated with sepsis, malignancy, and immune disease. Levels of HMGB1 may reflect the severity of inflammation and tissue damage, indicating a potential role for HMGB1 as a prognostic biomarker in ALI, and a potential target for blocking inflammatory pathways. Several studies have shown that HMGB1 regulates autophagy. Autophagy, or type II programmed cell death, is an essential biological process that maintains cellular homeostasis. Studies have shown that HMGB1 and autophagy are involved in the pathogenesis of many lung diseases including ALI but the specific mechanisms underlying this association remain to be determined. This review aims to provide an update on the current status of the role of HMBG1 and autophagy in ALI.
Keywords: acute lung injury, HMGB1 Protein, biomarkers, Lung, Prognosis, Sepsis
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