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05 June 2019 : Clinical Research  

Independent Clinical Factors Relevant to Prognosis of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Huifang Song12ABD, Dejun Sun2F, Chengjun Ban1E, Yan Liu1B, Min Zhu1C, Qiao Ye1E, Wei Yan1E, Yanhong Ren3CD, Huaping Dai14AG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.914725

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:4193-4201

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the worst among all interstitial lung diseases, and is related to the disease itself. Comorbidities or complications can worsen IPF. We assessed the effect of comorbidities on the survival of IPF patients. A retrospective review of patients with IPF was completed.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Information on demographic features, clinical examination, and comorbidities at baseline were obtained. Then, median, 1-year, and 5-year survival was calculated. A total of 380 patients with IPF admitted to Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from 1 April 2002 to 31 March 2015 were followed up until December 2016.

RESULTS: Of these 380 patients, 71.9% died during the study period. Median survival was 2.25 years and overall 5-year survival was 28.5%. Also, 86.3% of patients were males. A total of 248 cases underwent lung function tests, and 178 patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Multivariate analyses showed that forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FVC), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide percent predicted, FVC% predicted, the number of macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in BAL fluid, pulmonary hypertension, hypoxemia, and hydropower disorder were independent prognostic indicators of IPF, GAP gender (G), age (A), and 2 pulmonary physiological parameters (P) model can help to predict prognosis of IPF.

CONCLUSIONS: Spirometry, GAP model, and BAL are helpful to forecast the prognosis of IPF. IPF patients also suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension, hypoxemia, and hydropower disorder have a poor prognosis.

Keywords: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Aged, 80 and over, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, Comorbidity, Forced Expiratory Volume, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Respiratory Function Tests, Tidal Volume, Vital Capacity

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750