BACKGROUND: Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) has been reported to act as a prognostic biomarker in various cancers, but its actual effect on basal cell cancer (BCC) of the skin is rarely reported. Our research measured eIF4E levels and discussed its consequence in BCC of the skin.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting analysis were used to detect relative expression level of eIF4E in specimens at both mRNA and protein levels. The relationship of eIF4E level with clinical profiles was analyzed via chi-square test. Additionally, prognostic value of eIF4E was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier and cox regression analysis.

RESULTS: We found that eIF4E was over-expressed in tumor tissues, in comparison to bordering cancer-free tissue samples. Besides, elevated eIF4E level exhibited a strong relation to metastasis, TNM stage, and differentiation. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed cases harboring high eIF4E levels faced shortened overall survival compared to cases of low levels (log rank test, P=0.018). Moreover, eIF4E could act as an independent biomarker for the prognosis of BCC of the skin, according to Cox regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: The level of eIF4E was upregulated and significantly correlated with the development of BCC of the skin. Thus, it might be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapy target for BCC of the skin.

Keywords: Carcinoma, Basal Cell, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E, Biomarkers, Tumor, Neoplasms, Basal Cell, Skin, Skin Neoplasms