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27 January 2020 : Laboratory Research  

Ferulic Acid Induces Apoptosis of HeLa and Caski Cervical Carcinoma Cells by Down-Regulating the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Akt Signaling Pathway

Liping Luo1BCD, Sihong Zhu2BCD, Yan Tong3CDE, Shiwei Peng4ACDEF*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.920095

Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920095

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ferulic acid is an antioxidant phenolic compound derived from plants, which has effects on cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ferulic acid on HeLa and Caski human cervical carcinoma cells and the molecular mechanisms involved.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: HeLa and Caski human cervical carcinoma cells were grown in culture and treated with increasing doses of ferulic acid. The MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability. Flow cytometry was performed with 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and Annexin V staining for cell apoptosis. The expression of myeloid leukemia cell differentiation-1 (Mcl-1) protein and MCL-1 mRNA were determined by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTS: Ferulic acid significantly reduced HeLa and Caski cell viability in the concentration range of 4–20 µM (P<0.05). Ferulic acid treatment promoted DNA condensation and significantly increased apoptosis in Caski cells (P<0.05). Ferulic acid treatment resulted in the activation of pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-9, and PARP. The MTT assay showed that ferulic acid did not reduce the viability of Caski cells treated with the caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk. Ferulic acid reduced the levels of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, and increased the levels of Bax and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In Caski cells, Akt and PI3K phosphorylation were reduced by ferulic acid in a concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONS: The effects of ferulic acid were dose-dependent and resulted in cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis of HeLa and Caski cells, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was down-regulated in Caski cells.

Keywords: Cytochrome c Group, DNA Damage, Caspases, Coumaric Acids, Down-Regulation, Enzyme Activation, Hela Cells, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

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Editorial

01 November 2023 : Editorial  

Editorial: Factors Driving New Variants of SARS-CoV-2, Immune Escape, and Resistance to Antiviral Treatments as the End of the COVID-19 Pandemic is Declared

Dinah V. Parums
Science Editor, Medical Science Monitor, International Scientific Information, Inc., Melville,

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942960

Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e942960

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750