Background:Pemphigus is a life-threatening, autoimmune blistering disease, mediated by IgG autoantibodies. The aim of our study was to assess the usefulness of a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in detecting circulating pemphigus autoantibodies, and to compare its sensitivity and specificity with the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test. We also established the frequency of occurrence of pemphigus autoantibodies in relatives of our patients.Material/Methods:IIF and ELISA tests were performed in 24 patients with pemphigus vulgaris, 13 with pemphigus foliaceus, 56 healthy relatives, and 50 controls, selected according to sex and age.Results:The obtained results revealed high specificity and sensitivity of ELISA, comparable to the IIF test, especially in patients who were in the active stage of the disease. We also showed that the profile of anti-Dsg 1 and/or anti-Dsg 3 autoantibodies is associated with the clinical variant of pemphigus. The frequency of occurrence of pemphigus autoantibodies in the relatives (24/55) performed by IIF was significantly higher (p

Keywords: Adolescent, Aged, 80 and over, Autoantibodies - blood, Autoantigens, Cadherins - immunology, Case-Control Studies, Child, Desmoglein 1, Desmoglein 3, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - statistics & numerical data, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - statistics & numerical data, Immunoglobulin G - blood, Pemphigus - genetics, Pemphigus - immunology, Sensitivity and Specificity