Abstract

Background: Potato sprouts(Solanum tuberosum L.) contain steroidal glycoalkaloidscontaining solanidine, an important precursor for hormone synthesis. Glycoalkaloids are reported to inactivatethe Herpes simplex, Herpes zoster and Herpes genitalis viruses in humans, while Aglyones, including solasodine,may protect against skin cancer. Extracts of glycoalkaloids or solanidine can be used to obtain a potentialskin cancer preparation for clinical research. Material/Methods: Dried potato sprouts were used to obtainglycoalkaloids and solanidine. The hydrolysis of glycoalkaloids in a liquid-liquid system was performedusing a reflux condenser, obtaining extracts of glycolakaloids from dried and milled potato tuber sprouts.Hydrochloric acid was then added to the extract to form the first (aqueous) phase, and chloroform, trichloroethyleneor carbon tetrachloride to form the second (organic) phase of the liquid-liquid system. In this way,glycoalkaloid hydrolysis to solanidine and solanidine extraction in the organic liquid phase were combinedinto a single step. IR and GC/MS analysis of solanidine was also conducted. Results: Based on the resultswe obtained, the optimal liquid-liquid system was found to be 2% w/v hydrochloric acid in a 50% (volume)methanolic extract of glycoalkaloids from tuber sprouts, as the first phase, and chloroform as the secondphase. Using this system, a yield of 1.46 g solanidine per 100 g of dried potato sprouts can be achieved.Conclusions: Glycoalkaloid hydrolysis in a liquid-liquid system yields the aglycone solanidine can beobtained from dried potato sprouts. The yield of solanidine is higher than that obtained using solid-liquid-liquidsystems for glycoalkaloid hydrolysis from potato vines.

Keywords: Plant Shoots - chemistry, Solanaceous Alkaloids - chemistry, Solanaceous Alkaloids - isolation & purification, Chloroform, Diosgenin, Hydrochloric Acid, Hydrolysis, Methanol, Plant Extracts - isolation & purification, Plant Shoots - chemistry, Solanaceous Alkaloids - isolation & purification, Solanum tuberosum - chemistry, Solvents