Background:Recent studies have provided evidence that leptin has significant effects on vascular development and repair. The aim was to determine the levels of leptin and lipid profile in diabetic postmenopausal women with and without the complication of ischemic heart disease and to develop correlation between them. Moreover, the relationship between leptin levels and extent of ischemic changes were determined.
Material/Methods: One hundred twenty postmenopausal subjects between the ages of 45 and 60 years were included in the study. They were divided into three groups of forty subjects each. The first group comprised normal healthy controls, the second diabetic type 2 patients with no history of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and the third diabetic patients with IHD. Serum leptin levels were determined by a Kit obtained from DRG and samples were analyzed on ELISA. Fasting and random blood glucose was determined by the glucose oxidase method, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol were also determined by kits obtained from Merck.
Results: The results show that leptin and serum lipid levels increased significantly in diabetic patients with IHD compared with diabetic patients without IHD as well as normal subjects. Moreover, the serum leptin level increased significantly in the diabetic patients with IHD who had positive findings in myocardial perfusion scan compared with those having negative findings.
Conclusions:Hyperleptinemia in diabetic patients shows that leptin contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications, Hyperlipidemias - diagnosis, Leptin - blood, Lipids - blood, Myocardial Ischemia - etiology, Postmenopause - blood