The study is an attempt to evaluate psychical condition of children with childhood cancer, who were previously treated without intentional medical and psychological support as well as in the conditions of full support of this kind. In total, the assessment was performed on 106 children (51 of them treated in the conditions when full support was not possible, and 55 children treated in the conditions of full support). On the basis of psychological methods applied (Cattell's personality questionnaires, open anxiety test by Choynowski and anxiety inventories by Spielberger) it was found that younger children treated in the conditions of partial support demonstrated decreased ability to use possessed knowledge and the signs of emotional instability as opposed to a better emotional balance and the ability to use possessed knowledge by fully-supported children. On the other hand, in older children treated in the conditions without full medical and psychological support, such traits as introversion, lower intelligence, increased internal discomfort and poor self-control were observed in contrast to extroversion, higher intelligence and perseverance, emotional balance, tendency to be dominant and high self-esteem found in the group of supported children.

Keywords: Neoplasms, children, psychical status, psychological support