After the fourth poliomyelitis vaccination, high temperature, the symptoms of the infection of upper respiratory tract and a week later also a flaccid paralysis of lower extremities, right shoulder and gluteal muscles occurred in a 23-month-old boy. The analyses confirmed the diagnosis of vaccine-associated poliomyelitis and revealed the absence of immunoglobulins in blood serum upon which the diagnosis of the inborn X-linked agammaglobulinaemia was based. After the treatment, the presently 16-year-old boy still suffers from left foot paresis with a partial muscular atrophy of this extremity. The absence of immunoglobulins in blood serum is supplemented with intravenous immunoglobulin preparations.

Keywords: vaccine associated poliomyelitis, X-linked agammaglobulinaemia